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Identity: defined as the view of self. Could be affected by nature and nurture, other's perception of you, plus your own concept of yourself. Usually broken down into two parts: self concept and ego identity.
Self Concept: The framework for our own life experiences. This is active and capable of change including multiple representations of self, which is acting differently around different people.
FREUD
-Believed that a person's identity was divided into three parts: ID, ego, and super ego.
Freud's 5 stages of Psychosexual Development
Oral: stage is during infancy where the child is fixated on pleasure through the mouth. This is why babies put everything in their mouth.
Anal: Toddler age children begin focusing on their bladder and anal areas. Children in this stage are beginning potty training, and develop the knowledge that they have control over their bladder.
Phallic: Occurs in Early Childhood when children begin focusing on genitalia. This is when children learn the difference between girls and boys.
Latency: Occurs in middle childhood and focuses on academic achievement. Freud believed this is the asexual stage in a child's life.
Genital: Occurs in adolescence where the fixation is again on the genitalia. However, this time it is more focused on reproduction.
Psychosocial Theory
Theorist: Erikson
Basic Trust vs Mis Trust
This stage is from birth until 18 months. An infant depends on a care giver for every need they have. During this stage the infant gets extremely attached to the caregiver and will get anxiety when the caregiver is out of sight. However, if the caregiver goes away and the infant doesn't get distressed this means the infant has developed secure attachment. The infant tends to develop trusting relationships with caregivers when all of their needs are met.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
A child goes through this stage during their toddler years. This is the time when children are learning to control their own bodies. This is when children begin potty training.
Initiative vs guilt
Takes place when the child is 3-5 years old. Children use adults as models and begin. The child usually becomes more independent during this stage.
Industry vs Inferiority
Children in this age vary from 6-12 years old. They tend to question things they have learned this far in life & begin to separate their ideas from their family beliefs. If individuals fail to make it through this stage then they tend to have a hard time choosing career for themselves later in life.
Indentity vs Identity Confusion
People are 12-18 years old during this stage. This stage is where puberty begins. They tend to separate from their friends and become their own person during this stage.
Intimacy vs Isolation
18-35 in this stage people are ready to unite their identities with someone else. Ready to enter a relationship. This is the stage where people become less obsessed with having sex then in other stages in their life.
Generativity vs Stagnation
People in this stage tend to try to make their life count for something. 35-55/65
Integrity vs despair
55/65- Death- This is when people begin to think back on their life and try to accept the life they have lived.
Self Concept: The framework for our own life experiences. This is active and capable of change including multiple representations of self, which is acting differently around different people.
FREUD
-Believed that a person's identity was divided into three parts: ID, ego, and super ego.
- Id - Natural Desires, Pleasure Seeking, Unconscious, Most Powerful
- Ego - Reality, Conscious and Unconscious, Interacting with Society, Fulfilling Id in Realistic Way
- Superego - Morality, Conscious and Unconscious
Freud's 5 stages of Psychosexual Development
Oral: stage is during infancy where the child is fixated on pleasure through the mouth. This is why babies put everything in their mouth.
Anal: Toddler age children begin focusing on their bladder and anal areas. Children in this stage are beginning potty training, and develop the knowledge that they have control over their bladder.
Phallic: Occurs in Early Childhood when children begin focusing on genitalia. This is when children learn the difference between girls and boys.
Latency: Occurs in middle childhood and focuses on academic achievement. Freud believed this is the asexual stage in a child's life.
Genital: Occurs in adolescence where the fixation is again on the genitalia. However, this time it is more focused on reproduction.
Psychosocial Theory
Theorist: Erikson
Basic Trust vs Mis Trust
This stage is from birth until 18 months. An infant depends on a care giver for every need they have. During this stage the infant gets extremely attached to the caregiver and will get anxiety when the caregiver is out of sight. However, if the caregiver goes away and the infant doesn't get distressed this means the infant has developed secure attachment. The infant tends to develop trusting relationships with caregivers when all of their needs are met.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
A child goes through this stage during their toddler years. This is the time when children are learning to control their own bodies. This is when children begin potty training.
Initiative vs guilt
Takes place when the child is 3-5 years old. Children use adults as models and begin. The child usually becomes more independent during this stage.
Industry vs Inferiority
Children in this age vary from 6-12 years old. They tend to question things they have learned this far in life & begin to separate their ideas from their family beliefs. If individuals fail to make it through this stage then they tend to have a hard time choosing career for themselves later in life.
Indentity vs Identity Confusion
People are 12-18 years old during this stage. This stage is where puberty begins. They tend to separate from their friends and become their own person during this stage.
Intimacy vs Isolation
18-35 in this stage people are ready to unite their identities with someone else. Ready to enter a relationship. This is the stage where people become less obsessed with having sex then in other stages in their life.
Generativity vs Stagnation
People in this stage tend to try to make their life count for something. 35-55/65
Integrity vs despair
55/65- Death- This is when people begin to think back on their life and try to accept the life they have lived.
Relating Identity Back To Me
As a baby, I never would take a pacifier but I always wanted my bottle even when I was way too old for a bottle. In elementary school, I would find myself chewing on the sleeve to my shirt as well as the collar to my shirt. Looking back on it, I believe that I am stuck in the oral fixation stage. Today, I still chew on my pens, chew gum or ice all the time.
Relating Identity to Occupational Therapy
One may find they are struggling with identity issues, which may in turn lead to depression, addiction, or even suicide. Occupational Therapy offers a place in which clients/patients may discuss the issues related to their identity which may in turn help reduce their depression, help them find new coping methods to help deal with their identity issues, and ultimately help them find themselves in the process.
Stitt, R.L. (2014). Identity. In Winsor, D., Murrell, V.S., & Magun-Jackson, S. (Eds.) Lifespan Development: An Educational Psychology Perspective (2nd ed)(Chapter 7).
As a baby, I never would take a pacifier but I always wanted my bottle even when I was way too old for a bottle. In elementary school, I would find myself chewing on the sleeve to my shirt as well as the collar to my shirt. Looking back on it, I believe that I am stuck in the oral fixation stage. Today, I still chew on my pens, chew gum or ice all the time.
Relating Identity to Occupational Therapy
One may find they are struggling with identity issues, which may in turn lead to depression, addiction, or even suicide. Occupational Therapy offers a place in which clients/patients may discuss the issues related to their identity which may in turn help reduce their depression, help them find new coping methods to help deal with their identity issues, and ultimately help them find themselves in the process.
Stitt, R.L. (2014). Identity. In Winsor, D., Murrell, V.S., & Magun-Jackson, S. (Eds.) Lifespan Development: An Educational Psychology Perspective (2nd ed)(Chapter 7).